TCF Written Production (Expression Écrite) | Practice and Test

Students usually get the lowest point in the TCF Written Production. However, if you can get a good score in this section, you can improve your overall TCF score so much, especially if you’re taking the TCF Canada and you’re aiming for immigration. 

In this guide, we’ll take a complete look at the TCF Written production and also give you some tips to get the highest score in this test. 

Overview of The TCF Written Production

The writing section of the TCF tests how well you can communicate in French through structured tasks. 

It lasts 60 minutes and includes three tasks, each more complex than the last. These tasks check your ability to describe, narrate, explain, and argue.

Purpose: This section measures how clearly you can express ideas in writing, adapt your tone and style to the situation, and keep your grammar, vocabulary, and organization accurate and coherent.

Breakdown of The TCF Writing Tasks

As we mentioned, the TCF writing module has three tasks, each more difficult than the last, and with set word limits. 

You’ll do them one after another, so managing your time is important. Try to spend about 15–20 minutes on each task, and save a few minutes for planning and proofreading. Here's everything about each task and its suitable answer structure:

Task 1: The Descriptive Message (60–120 words)

This first task asks you to write a short message, like an email, note, or text. You’ll describe, narrate, or explain something to one or more people. For example, you might write to a friend about a recent event, explaining what happened and why it mattered.

• Keep it clear and relevant.
• Use simple sentences, everyday words, and basic tenses (present, passé composé, futur proche).
• Begin with a greeting and end with a sign‑off.
• Stay within the word limit; too few or too many words can lower your score.

Example Structure:

1. Greeting (e.g., Salut Marie, Bonjour Madame)
2. Purpose of the message
3. Details (who, what, when, where, why)
4. Polite closing

Task 2: The Narrative or Report (120–150 words)

In this task, you’ll write for a wider audience, such as an article, letter, or note. You’ll report an experience or story and add comments, opinions, or arguments. For example, you might describe a cultural festival you attended, share your thoughts, and explain why it was important.

• Structure matters: include an introduction, details in the body, and a conclusion.
• Use connectors like d’abord (first), ensuite (then), par conséquent (therefore) to make your writing flow.
• Add personal opinions with phrases like à mon avis (in my opinion) to show depth.

Example Structure:

1. Engaging introduction
2. Narrative details and opinions
3. Conclusion or recommendation

Task 3: The Argumentative Text (120–180 words)

This is the most difficult task. You have to compare two viewpoints from the given documents (for example, on a social issue like city vs. countryside living) and give your own opinion. The text could be for a newspaper, website, or professional context.

• Write in clear paragraphs: summarize the two views, state your opinion, support it with arguments and examples, and end with a conclusion.
• Show balance by mentioning the other side with bien que (although) before explaining why you disagree.
• This task checks your critical thinking and advanced language skills.

Example Structure:

1. Title
2. Summary of viewpoints (neutral)
3. Your opinion with arguments/examples
4. Conclusion

Now let’s see how your writing is scored: 

TCF Written Expression Scoring and Evaluation Criteria

Your writing is scored out of 20 points in total for all three tasks, and this score is then converted into a CEFR level. For example, a score of 10–12 points usually places you at B1, while higher scores fall into B2 or C1.

The evaluation itself is handled by France Éducation International using a strict double‑blind system. This means two qualified examiners read and score your work separately, and neither one sees the other’s marks. 

If their scores differ too much, a third examiner steps in to review your writing to make sure the final result is fair and consistent.

The scoring focuses on several key, official criteria that examiners apply systematically:

1. Content Completeness

Did you fully answer the prompt and include all required information? Examiners check whether you addressed every point mentioned in the instructions (e.g., specific details for Task 1, personal opinion and examples in Task 2, balanced summary + your stance in Task 3). Missing elements is one of the most common reasons for losing points.

2. Clarity and Communication

Is your message easy to understand and appropriate for the intended audience? This includes using the right tone (informal tu vs. formal vous), clear expression of ideas, and suitability to the context (everyday message, report, or argumentative article).

3. Organization and Coherence

Are your ideas presented in a logical order with good flow? Examiners look for clear paragraphing, effective use of connectors (d’abord, ensuite, par conséquent, bien que, etc.), and smooth thematic development from introduction to conclusion.

4. Language Use (Linguistic Accuracy and Range)

Is your grammar, spelling, punctuation, and vocabulary accurate and varied? This covers correct verb tenses, subject-verb agreement, gender/number agreement, spelling of common words, and a range of structures and vocabulary appropriate to the task level. Basic errors in Task 1 can be more penalizing, while Tasks 2 and 3 reward more complex and precise language.

5. Depth and Justification (especially Tasks 2 & 3)

Did you provide strong arguments, clear personal opinions, examples, and balanced reasoning? In Task 3 particularly, examiners evaluate your ability to summarize opposing viewpoints fairly, support your position with relevant arguments, and demonstrate critical thinking.

6. Task-Specific Focus of the Criteria

The weighting and emphasis shift slightly depending on the task:

Task 1 mainly assesses basic clarity, content completeness in everyday contexts, appropriate tone, and concise expression within the strict 60–120-word limit.

Task 2 emphasizes narrative structure, personal opinion, coherence, and a good range of everyday language.

Task 3 places strong weight on argumentation, synthesis of viewpoints, balanced justification, advanced vocabulary/structures, and the ability to persuade or convince logically.

Common Reasons Candidates Lose Points

1. Not covering all the required elements from the prompt
2. Writing significantly under or over the word limit (especially too short in Task 1 or filler-heavy in Task 3)
3. Poor organization (disjointed ideas, missing paragraphs, repetitive connectors)
4. Inappropriate tone or register (e.g., too casual for a formal request)
5. Frequent basic grammar/spelling errors (gender agreement, verb conjugations)
6. Off-topic content or unbalanced argumentation in Task 3
7. Overly simple or repetitive language in higher-level tasks

Link to CEFR Levels and Practical Goals

 The final score out of 20 maps directly to CEFR levels, which are critical for purposes like TCF Canada immigration:

• A2: very low scores (basic phrases only)
• B1: around 10–12 points (independent user)
• B2: typically 13–15+ points (good command, frequent for many immigration streams)
• C1: 16+ points (advanced fluency)

Tips for a High Score in TCF Written Expression

Some small details can turn your B2 into C1. Here are high-impact techniques and preparation strategies to help you maximize your score in the TCF writing section:

1. Use Rhetorical Questions for Persuasion (Task 3): In the argumentative task, add 1–2 rhetorical questions like “N’est-ce pas évident que…?” or “Qui pourrait nier que…?” to engage the reader and subtly guide them toward your opinion. This demonstrates critical thinking and makes your text more dynamic and persuasive, without overdoing it.
2. Add Idiomatic Expressions Naturally (Task 2): Go beyond basic phrases by incorporating authentic idioms such as “mettre la charrue avant les bœufs” (putting the cart before the horse) or “avoir le vent en poupe” when they fit the topic. Learn them from French podcasts, articles, or native content, then adapt them naturally. Correct, contextual use signals strong cultural fluency and boosts authenticity.
3. Anticipate Counterarguments (Task 3): Show balance and depth by briefly acknowledging the opposing view before refuting it. For example: “Certains pourraient arguer que…, mais les faits montrent que…”. This nuanced approach strengthens your justification and often raises your score in critical thinking and argumentation.
4. Vary Sentence Length for Rhythm (Tasks 1 & 2): Mix longer, descriptive sentences with short, punchy ones to create natural flow that echoes spoken French. Example: “La pollution augmente chaque année. Pourquoi ? Parce que les voitures et les usines ne s’arrêtent jamais.” This variety makes your writing more engaging, readable, and professional.
5. Use Modal Verbs for Nuanced Opinions (Tasks 2 & 3): Avoid blunt statements by using modal verbs and the subjunctive for suggestions or hypotheticals: “Il faudrait que l’on considère…”, “On pourrait imaginer que…”, or “Il serait préférable de…”. This adds sophistication, shows advanced grammar control, and helps express ideas more diplomatically and safely.

Time Management and Preparation Strategies 

Time management is essential in the 60‑minute module so you don’t rush the later tasks or exceed word limits. The goal is to divide your time wisely between planning, writing, and reviewing.

Task 1 Timing 

Tasks 2 and 3 Timing

1. Pre‑Writing Organization

Always spend 3–5 minutes outlining before drafting.

Write down your main ideas in order, plan your paragraphs, and note useful connectors or vocabulary.

A clear structure helps you stay on topic:

• Introduction: greeting or context
• Body: details, explanations, or arguments
• Conclusion: summary or call to action

This prevents off‑topic writing and ensures you cover the full prompt.

2. Adapt Tone and Style to the Audience

Match your tone to the recipient:

• Use tu for friends or close colleagues
• Use vous for superiors, companies, or strangers

Formal writing may require polite expressions like:

je vous prie de…, je serais reconnaissant si…

Choosing the right tone directly improves your clarity and communication score.

3. Practice Under Simulated Exam Conditions

Timed practice is one of the best ways to build skill and reduce stress.

Set aside 60 minutes, complete all three tasks in order, follow word limits strictly, and review your work for clarity, organization, grammar, and content.

This builds stamina and helps you switch between tasks under pressure.

4. Prioritize Simple, Direct Language and Accuracy

This is especially important in Task 1.

Focus on clarity rather than complexity:

• Use basic tenses (present, passé composé, futur proche)
• Keep sentences short to medium
• Remove unnecessary words

Accurate grammar, especially subject‑verb agreement and gender/number agreement — prevents easy point loss.

5. Proofread Strategically

Reserve 2–3 minutes per task, or 5 minutes at the end, for focused proofreading.

Check for:

• Gender/number agreement (un beau jour → une belle journée)
• Verb conjugations
• Spelling
• Punctuation
• Missing required points
• Logical flow

Build Your Personal Toolkit of Connectors and Phrases

Create a list of connectors you’re comfortable using:

• d’abord, ensuite, par ailleurs, cependant, en outre, par conséquent
• à mon avis, bien que, non seulement… mais aussi, en conclusion

Practice using them naturally to improve cohesion without forcing them.

If you apply these tips consistently during your practice sessions, you’ll organize your ideas more effectively, manage your time better, write with more clarity and confidence, and produce higher‑scoring responses on exam day.

Tips for a High Score in TCF Written Expression 

Some small details can turn your B2 into C1. Let’s check them out: 

1. Use Rhetorical Questions for Persuasion (Task 3) 

In the argumentative task, add rhetorical questions like “N’est‑ce pas évident que…?” to make your reader think and guide them toward your opinion. This shows smart thinking and makes your writing more lively. Just use 1–2 per essay, so it doesn’t feel too much.

2. Add Idiomatic Expressions Naturally (Task 2) 

Don’t stop at simple phrases; add idioms like “mettre la charrue avant les bœufs” (putting the cart before the horse). 

They make your writing feel more authentic. Pick them up from French podcasts or articles so you understand how they’re used, then adapt them to your topic. Using idioms in the right context shows examiners you have cultural fluency.

3. Anticipate Counterarguments (Task 3) 

Don’t just present your side. Briefly mention what others might argue and then explain why they’re wrong. 

For example: “Certains pourraient arguer que…, mais les faits montrent que…”. This balanced approach shows depth and often boosts your “justification” score.

4. Vary Sentence Length for Rhythm (Tasks 1 & 2) 

Mix long sentences with short, punchy ones. Example: “La pollution augmente. Pourquoi ? Parce que…”. This creates a natural rhythm that mimics spoken French and makes your writing clearer and more engaging.

5. Use Modal Verbs for Nuanced Opinions (Tasks 2 & 3) 

Don’t just make blunt statements. Use modal verbs like “devrait” or “pourrait” in the subjunctive form (for example: “Il faudrait que l’on considère…”). 

This helps you express suggestions or “what if” ideas in a smoother way. It also shows you can handle advanced grammar while keeping your writing safe from mistakes.

Common Mistakes to Avoid in TCF Writing

Even strong writers make these mistakes, and they can cost you points in every task. Spot them early to protect your score.

1. Using The Same Connectors Too Much 

If you only use et, mais, or donc, your text feels repetitive. Mix in alternatives like par ailleurs, en outre, or toutefois to keep it smooth and interesting.

2. Ignoring Word Count Details 

For Task 1, staying within 60–120 words is fine, but don’t cut examples short just to stay brief — you’ll lose “content” points. For Task 3, don’t add filler just to reach the limit. Aim for clear, detailed writing without fluff.

3. Weak Argument Balance in Task 3 

If you summarize both sides but then give uneven evidence for your opinion, your justification looks weak. Always give similar space to pros and cons, even if your stance is obvious.

4. Translating Too Literally From Your Native Language 

Simple phrases like je suis d’accord avec are fine, but direct translations (like “kick the bucket” → frapper le seau) sound awkward in French. Plan your ideas while thinking in French to avoid this.

5. Skipping Proofreading for Gender/Agreement Errors 

Rushed endings usually miss details like une ville beau instead of belle. These small mistakes add up and hurt accuracy. Save the last 2 minutes to check specifically for agreement errors.

6. Using The Wrong Tone For The Task 

Task 1 might need enthusiasm (like exclamation marks), while Task 3 requires objectivity. If your tone doesn’t match the task, your “clarity and communication” score drops.

Tip: If you quickly check your draft for these mistakes, you’ll catch about 80% of the things that usually lower scores before the exam.

Best Resources for Practicing TCF Writing

To really apply the tips above, you’ll need good practice materials. Here are some of the best options that go beyond free online quizzes:

1. Official TCF Resources (France Éducation International) 

Start with the sample tests and scoring grids on the official website. These are excellent for seeing exactly what examiners expect, with annotated examples that show why top answers earn high marks.

2. Prep Books (like ABC du TCF or Réussir le TCF) 

These books give you targeted exercises, model answers, and error analysis. They’re great for offline practice and help you focus on strategies for each task.

3. Mocko

Mocko gives you AI‑powered practice that feels just like the real exam. You can take full mock tests with the same format, timing, and question styles as the TCF, which helps ease exam‑day stress.

After each test, you’ll get clear feedback showing your strengths and weaknesses, along with practical tips to improve. Mocko also adapts to different versions of the TCF, including Tout Public, Canada, and TEF Québec.

Here are some of Mocko’s standout features:

Doesn’t matter that your goal is B2 or higher; a combination of these resources with the writing tips above is all you need for the exam. Bonne chance on your TCF journey!